Drug profile

The FDA adverse-event record for Ketamine Hydrochloride

1,757 adverse-event reports submitted to the FDA Center for Veterinary Medicine reference Ketamine Hydrochloride. See the species affected, top reactions, and outcomes below.

1,757
adverse-event reports
24.0%
death-coded share
Cat
most-reported species
340
INEFFECTIVE, ANESTHESIA - top reaction
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Important: Adverse event reports do not establish that a drug caused or contributed to the event. Consult your veterinarian before making treatment decisions.
1,757
Total Reports
422
Deaths Reported
24.0%
Death Rate

Active Ingredients

Ketamine Hydrochloride

Administration Routes

UnknownIntramuscularIntravenousIntraperitonealSubcutaneousOtherParenteralOphthalmicIntrapleuralOral

Species Affected

Cat 673
Dog 499
Horse 276
Unknown 134
Rat 34
Mouse 33
Rabbit 22
Monkey 16
Other 16
Pig 9

Most Affected Breeds

Unknown 254
Domestic Shorthair 200
Domestic (unspecified) 190
Cat (unknown) 159
Dog (unknown) 131
Horse (unknown) 97
Quarter Horse 61
Retriever - Labrador 45
Crossbred Canine/dog 42
Domestic Longhair 30

Most Reported Reactions

INEFFECTIVE, ANESTHESIA 340
Death 330
Lack of efficacy - NOS 188
INEFFECTIVE, SEDATION 185
Cardiac arrest 129
Apnoea 96
Recovery prolonged 84
Seizure NOS 81
Fever 68
Convulsion 57
Hyperthermia 53
Death by euthanasia 52

Outcome Breakdown

Recovered/Normal
621 (50.1%)
Died
367 (29.6%)
Outcome Unknown
128 (10.3%)
Ongoing
66 (5.3%)
Euthanized
55 (4.4%)
Recovered with Sequela
2 (0.2%)

Ketamine Hydrochloride Adverse Event Insights

1,757 reports name Ketamine Hydrochloride; 422 recorded a death outcome (24.0% of reported events, not a population-level mortality rate). Active ingredient: Ketamine Hydrochloride. Administration routes: Unknown, Intramuscular, Intravenous, Intraperitoneal.

By species: Cat (673 reports), Dog (499 reports), Horse (276 reports). By breed: Unknown (254), Domestic Shorthair (200), Domestic (unspecified) (190).

Leading clinical signs: INEFFECTIVE, ANESTHESIA (340), Death (330), Lack of efficacy - NOS (188), INEFFECTIVE, SEDATION (185). Outcome, 1,239 coded reports: Recovered/Normal leads at 50.1%.

Read these counts as reporting volume, not risk: per our methodology, a widely-prescribed drug will rack up more raw FDA reports in a given year than a rarely-used one at an identical true rate, so we recommend comparing within similar-exposure products rather than across the full 2025 catalog.

Source: FDA Center for Veterinary Medicine openFDA Animal & Veterinary Adverse Events (CVM AER) · 2025

Every figure on PlainBreed is rendered directly from FDA openFDA adverse event data, no number is typed in by an editor. This page draws directly on FDA openFDA data, no figure is typed in by an editor. See our editorial standards & corrections policy, the methodology behind these numbers, or report a data error.